Showing posts with label Black Rat. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Black Rat. Show all posts

Saturday, August 13, 2016

Rats #8: The Dirty Secret: Rats in Our Neighborhood

As I said in Rats #1, I first noticed the potential for rat inhabitants in or near our chicken coop and made a half-hearted effort to get rid of them. I did get one right away in a physical trap, but next door neighbor Matt had seen two, and the evidence was clear that the second one was still hanging around. I don’t recall how it started, but shortly after discovering our own rat problem, my two-doors down neighbor, Jenny, stopped over and in a hushed tone asked if we were having any rat issues, and shared that she had them in her compost pile and around her chicken coop.

Jenny may not have actually whispered the news, but we both agreed that rats and chicken coops don’t seem to be talked about much. Jenny knew we were going to be on the Mad City Chicken coop tour in a few weeks, and dared me to bring up the topic of rats and coops as people visited our setup.

In hindsight, it’s interesting to note that in anticipation of the coop tour, Jay and I cleaned out the coop and the run and conveniently wiped out any trace of the rat tunnels in the floor of our run. Even before Jenny’s dare, looks like I didn’t want to talk about rats either, and was quietly going about my business to get rid of them.

On Madison’s news and neighborhood internet sites, there’s been talk about an increase in the rat population on the city’s east side where I live. See this June 14, 2016 story. Some suggest it’s due to increased chicken coops, and from my experience, I can’t deny that’s a likely factor. I did a quick search and found that the best things to do are keep grasses around coops and buildings clipped short enough to expose holes, remove sheltered areas for them to hide like piles of stuff against buildings, removing food sources and thorough extermination programs.

From the June 2016 news article linked to above, Doug Voegeli, Madison Dane County director of environmental health, said "It's not just a single entity that is causing this infestation, it's the whole area that is providing adequate food, adequate water and shelter for these rats." I guess that makes all of us partially responsible if we see evidence or inadvertently provide shelter and don’t do anything about it.

In addition to removing shelter, disturbing hiding places and poison or traps, for those who keep compost piles, it’s important to turn them regularly, disturbing any rat habitation. In fact, now that Jenny and I are talking about rats, we share success stories. She was turning her compost pile and found a nest of five babies and she was rather proud of herself for dispatching them.

In the next and final entry in this series about rats I’ll detail how three grown men using smoke bombs, shovels, traps and poison took care of our rat problem at The Eggplant.

Rats #9: Good riddance at The Eggplant


Wednesday, July 27, 2016

Rats #7: Disease vectors throughout history

Since the Great Plague, after which the Black rat (rattus rattus) was ruthlessly hunted and killed off in millions, this species has declined to near non-existence in Europe, though it still thrives in the USA and Africa. The Brown rat (rattus norvegicus) – just as big a disease carrier, didn’t arrive in Europe until the 18th century. 

They are also excellent swimmers and may have entered new regions through self-propelled swimming. The naturalist Pallas reportedly saw great hordes of Brown rats swimming across the Volga river in 1727, from the Asian to the European side, arriving in modern-day Russia. Migrating rats can swim up to half a mile and survive by treading water for three days. Brown rats are more aggressive creatures than their black counterparts and quickly established their superiority all over Europe.
The Volga River, site of a massive rat crossing from Asia to Europe. Image labeled for reuse.
Rats may well like to live in waste dumps and sewers but they are not naturally dirty creatures and are highly intelligent. In many ways it seems that humanity’s war on them is very one sided. Untold millions of rats are ruthlessly exterminated by us, yet the same cannot be said of them where we are concerned. Each time in history that some kind of plague has broken out, rats became the fall guys. During the Byzantine dynasty there occurred the ‘Plague of Justinian’ where up to 10,000 people a week were dying.

The fact is that rats themselves rarely succumb to the disease carried by their fleas. But when they do die, the fleas have to look for other bodies, like humans, to live on, which can happen at epidemic proportions. This happened periodically in history as far back as biblical times, and the flea-born disease is especially scary because the rupturing and decay of blood vessels beneath the skin cause it to gradually turn black, hence the "black death."


Labeled for reuse, by Mikael Häggström
Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
China experienced Bubonic plague in 1330, from where it was carried west to the Crimea. By 1347 it had reached Europe via seafarers. Before it died down again, from Russia to the Mediterranean Sea 25 million people had died. Some 1,000 villages in England were wiped out by the disease.

The Bubonic plague re-appeared in 1665, when 17,440 people died during the ‘great plague of London,’ and in the 1860’s another outbreak in the Far East led to the deaths of 12,600,000 people all the way across to America. Plague outbreaks weren't limited to early times; Los Angeles had a major outbreak in 1925 and Vietnam saw tens of thousands of cases during the 1960’s. India suffered an outbreak in 1992.


Rats do carry other fatal diseases as well. The Hanta virus, Weil’s disease, Tuberculosis, Listeria and Q fever are all carried by them and easily passed on to humans via household pets. This is one cause for rats being seen as vermin.

In our case, for the most part disease isn't the main cause for concern. It's their constant gnawing and digging that I don't want. And the fact that my very DNA seems to have an aversion to them.



Hats off to Writeedge.com where I discovered much of what I know about rats.